Safeguarding State Police Implementation in Nigeria: Balancing Innovation with Accountability
By Emmanuel Enebeli
In recent years, Nigeria has grappled with a surge in security challenges, encompassing insurgency, terrorism, banditry, kidnapping, and communal clashes. As these threats strain the nation’s security apparatus, urgent exploration of innovative solutions becomes paramount. Among the debated strategies, the establishment of state police forces stands out. However, alongside recognizing the necessity of state police, addressing legitimate concerns about potential misuse and politicization is equally imperative.
The call for state police arises from the recognition that a centralized policing system may inadequately address Nigeria’s diverse security needs. The Nigeria Police Force (NPF), currently controlled by the federal government, faces significant challenges in combatting crime due to factors such as inadequate manpower, limited resources, and geographical constraints. Consequently, local security threats often go unaddressed, fostering a sense of insecurity among citizens.
Introducing state police would decentralize law enforcement, empowering state governments to tailor security strategies to local dynamics and priorities. This decentralization can enhance responsiveness, as local authorities possess better knowledge of their communities and can deploy resources more efficiently. Moreover, it can foster accountability, as state governments would be directly responsible for their police forces’ performance, creating incentives for effective policing.
The Federal Government and the governments of the 36 states are considering the creation of state police, as discussed during a recent emergency meeting between President Bola Tinubu and state governors. However, this initiative is still in its infancy and requires further deliberation among stakeholders, as highlighted by the Minister of Information and National Orientation, Mohammed Idris.
While federalism advocates have historically supported state police, concerns about potential abuse loom large. The fear is that state governors, who would largely control state police, might exploit these forces for political ends, targeting opponents and stifling dissent. Additionally, ethnic and religious divides could exacerbate tensions, with governors potentially using state police to favour certain groups or interests.
To address these concerns and ensure that state police serve the public interest, stringent safeguards and accountability mechanisms are essential such expected measures should include a clear legal frameworks to govern state police operations, prohibiting political interference and outlining procedures for handling misconduct. Independent bodies should monitor state police activities, investigate allegations of abuse, and recommend disciplinary actions. Emphasis on rigorous training and adherence to professional standards can foster a culture of professionalism and respect for human rights.
Regular publication of police activity data and avenues for public feedback can promote transparency and accountability. Courts should have the authority to review police actions and adjudicate cases of abuse to uphold the rule of law. Civil society organizations should monitor state police activities and advocate for reforms to ensure accountability and protect marginalized communities.
Implementing these safeguards can harness the benefits of decentralized policing while mitigating risks of abuse and political manipulation. State police, when properly regulated and accountable, can significantly enhance security and restore public trust in law enforcement. As Nigeria confronts its security challenges, embracing innovative and inclusive policing approaches becomes imperative for stability and prosperity. And despite the noted challenges of having State Police, the present security challenges need a serious approach, as long as it will solve the existing problems will be very much welcome.
Currently, the security situation in Nigeria is concerning, with citizens often feeling vulnerable even within the confines of their own homes. This sense of insecurity is exacerbated when undertaking journeys on the nation’s roads or commuting to work from home.
…Emmanuel Enebeli, is a Publisher, PR Consultant, Entrepreneur from Asaba. You can reach him by Email: Enebelli@hotmail.com, +2348063319057
